This scripture guide is adapted from the Summer Settings sermon guide Lakes and Streams I. For more Summer Settings sermon guides, click below.

Highlighted Text: 2 Kings 5:1-14

As we go from mountains to fresh water, we go from Elijah to Elisha.  Despite having a double dose of Elijah’s power and a fraction of his hair, Elisha is less revered in our day and evidently was in Jesus’s as well (not necessarily by Jesus—see below—but in general).  To our knowledge, nobody asked John the Baptist if he was Elisha, and Elisha did not appear on the Mount of Transfiguration.  Perhaps people were turned off by the whole “she bear” episode.  Still, Jesus refers to both Elijah and Elisha when positing that a prophet is not accepted in his hometown (Luke 4:27), referencing today’s story in Elisha’s case.

Specifically, Jesus points out that many Israelites had leprosy, but the leper whom Elisha cleansed was Naaman, a general in the Aramean army.  According to 2 Kings 5:1, Naaman “was a valiant soldier, but he had leprosy” (cue the “He’s a 10, but…” meme).  Being a general in those days often meant capturing foreigners and conscripting them into servanthood, and Naaman was not above this practice.  Less common, however, was the concession that the captives could continue practicing the faith of their homeland.  Some allowed it (Babylonians, Persians, Romans to an extent), and some tried to prevent it by dispersing and/or culturally assimilating the captured people (Assyrians, Greeks). The Assyrians would eventually conquer the Arameans and disperse them as well, but not before Naaman got a chance to experience the power of God.

One of his captured servants was a young girl who attended to his wife and mentioned that Elisha could probably see to the healing of Naaman’s leprosy.  Naaman took her up on this suggestion, sought out Elisha, begrudgingly complied with Elisha’s instructions via Elisha’s own servant, and was healed by bathing in the Jordan River.  That’s the story and there are other linguistic and theological considerations at play, but this is a sermon that explores the theme of rivers, lakes, etc.

Throughout the Old Testament, we find rivers and lakes referred to as boundaries.  This was their natural geographic function and had been for much of history.  A succinct example appears in Joshua 12:1-3:

These are the kings of the land whom the Israelites had defeated and whose territory they took over east of the Jordan, from the Arnon Gorge to Mount Hermon, including all the eastern side of the Arabah: Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Gorge—from the middle of the gorge—to the Jabbok River, which is the border of the Ammonites. This included half of Gilead. He also ruled over the eastern Arabah from the Sea of Galilee to the Sea of the Arabah (that is, the Dead Sea), to Beth Jeshimoth, and then southward below the slopes of Pisgah.

In the story of Elisha and Naaman, as well as in the relationships of the ancients to lakes and rivers, we are dealing with issues of cultural mixing and cultural separation.  There are Israelites and Arameans, wealthy and servants, pagans and prophets.  All of this mixing was a bit much for Naaman at first, as he was insulted that Elisha merely sent a servant and incredulous that the healing was not a matter of simply calling on God’s name.  Naaman even insulted Israel’s rivers.  But again, it was the word servants that convinced Naaman, who complied and was healed. 

The Old Testament is, among other things, a story of God’s people finding their way and following Him—or not—among many peoples.  In that world, rivers and lakes divided and often defined people.  By the time of the New Testament, we find different kinds of people gathering around the same bodies of water for common benefit.  At the Sea of Galilee, Jews and Gentiles fished, dwelt among one another, and came to hear Jesus.  In the Jordan River, curious peoples came to see John the Baptist.  Rather than places of division, the lakes and rivers became places to gather.  Having one hegemonic empire rather than multiple nations no doubt helped, as did the Roman roads, commerce, language commonalities, etc. 

There was still plenty of division, of course, but in that environment of gathered peoples, Jesus also broke through divisions and brought people together around the lake (Sea of Galilee) and River (Jordan).  Just as with Oceans from the Old Testament to the New, the fresh water had become a mission field rather than a place marked by turmoil and boundary.

A couple other notes:

• • Naaman went to the king but was healed out in the wilderness, without a temple or even a cultic sacrifice.  The healing was essentially a faith healing.  Moreover, the healing came neither from the God of Israel whose name was called nor the prophet who would have invoked it.  Instead, one humble servant sparked Naaman’s journey and another humble servant gave the instruction (credit to Naaman for listening).  This can be good motivation for us as humble servants—Jesus’s hands and feet—who help others move along in their journeys.  This is a good setup for next week, when Jesus calls his own disciples out of fairly humble lakeside situations. 

  • Lakes can still be places of division today.  Not many people can afford a lake house.  Still, lakes and rivers are gathering places.  We could even invoke pools, parks with ponds, etc.  Or, we could talk about the sustenance of fresh water, perhaps referring back to the woman at the well from the “Mountains” portion of the series and Jesus being the living water around whom we gather regardless of worldly divisions. 

  • It may be worth exploring the fact that after the Assyrians conquered Aram, they dispersed the people around the region of their empire.  They did not completely assimilate them, however, because the Aramaic language persevered and became a common tongue for the empire and eventually for Jesus and many he encountered.

Allen Thompson is senior pastor at Fairview Presbyterian Church in North Augusta, South Carolina.  Allen attended Pittsburgh Seminary (M.Div.) and Fuller Seminary (D.Min.)  His wife, Kelsey, is a Marriage and Family Therapist, and they have two children.

Allen enjoys golf, hiking, camping, cooking pigs, ice climbing, and live music.  He loves to imagine being in the story and culture of the Bible, wondering how we might have responded to God then and how we can follow Jesus now.  As an “ideas” person, Allen is passionate about working with others to find out how God is calling us to use the many gifts and resources the Holy Spirit provides.  

Allen holds a Doctor of Ministry (Fuller Theological Seminary) and a Master of Divinity (Pittsburgh Theological Seminary).